What is HTTP and HTTPS? How the Web Works
General • Concepts Explained • 6 min read
HTTP and HTTPS are how browsers and servers communicate. Learn methods, status codes, and why HTTPS matters.
Every time you visit a website, HTTP or HTTPS is involved. Understanding these protocols helps you build better web applications.
What is HTTP?
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is how browsers and servers communicate. When you type a URL, your browser sends an HTTP request to a server, which responds with the website's content.
HTTP Methods
| Method | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
| GET | Retrieve data | Load a webpage |
| POST | Send data | Submit a form |
| PUT | Update data | Edit a profile |
| DELETE | Remove data | Delete a post |
HTTP Status Codes
- 200 — OK (success)
- 301 — Moved permanently (redirect)
- 404 — Not found
- 500 — Server error
What is HTTPS?
HTTPS (HTTP Secure) is HTTP with encryption. It uses TLS/SSL to secure data in transit. The padlock icon in your browser means the site uses HTTPS.
Why HTTPS Matters
- Security — Encrypts data between browser and server
- Trust — Users see the padlock icon
- SEO — Google ranks HTTPS sites higher
- Required — Modern APIs require HTTPS
How to Get HTTPS
- Get a domain name
- Use a hosting provider with free SSL (Netlify, Vercel)
- Or use Let's Encrypt for free SSL certificates
Note: Always use HTTPS in production. It's free, easy to set up, and essential for security.