Architecture Patterns

Architecture Patterns

Architecture patterns provide reusable solutions to common software design problems. They define how components of a system are organized and communicate with each other.

MVC - Model View Controller

  MVC PATTERN
  ===========

  +-----------+     +-----------+     +-----------+
  |   MODEL   |<--->| CONTROLLER|<--->|   VIEW    |
  +-----------+     +-----------+     +-----------+
       |                  |                  |
  Business           Handles            Renders
  Logic              Input              UI

  Model:      Data and business logic
  View:       User interface display
  Controller: Handles user input, updates model/view

Used in: Ruby on Rails, Django, ASP.NET MVC, Spring MVC

MVVM - Model View ViewModel

  MVVM PATTERN
  ============

  +-----------+     +-----------+     +-----------+
  |   MODEL   |<--->| VIEWMODEL |<--->|   VIEW    |
  +-----------+     +-----------+     +-----------+
       |                  |                  |
  Data             Exposes           Binds to
  Storage          Data              ViewModel
                   Commands

  ViewModel: Bridges View and Model with data binding

Used in: WPF, Xamarin, Angular, Vue.js

Microservices Architecture

  MICROSERVICES ARCHITECTURE
  ==========================

  +-------+  +-------+  +-------+
  | User  |  |Order  |  |Payment|
  |Service|  |Service|  |Service|
  +---+---+  +---+---+  +---+---+
      |          |          |
      v          v          v
  +-------+  +-------+  +-------+
  | User  |  |Order  |  |Payment|
  |  DB   |  |  DB   |  |  DB   |
  +-------+  +-------+  +-------+

  Each service:
  - Runs independently
  - Has its own database
  - Communicates via APIs
  - Can be deployed separately

Benefits: Scalability, flexibility, technology diversity

Challenges: Distributed system complexity, data consistency

Choosing the Right Pattern

  +----------------+-------------------+------------------+
  | Pattern        | Best For          | Complexity       |
  +----------------+-------------------+------------------+
  | MVC            | Web apps          | Low-Medium       |
  | MVVM           | Desktop/Mobile    | Medium           |
  | Microservices  | Large systems     | High             |
  | Monolithic     | Small projects    | Low              |
  | Event-Driven   | Real-time apps    | Medium-High      |
  +----------------+-------------------+------------------+

Key Takeaways

• MVC separates concerns into Model, View, and Controller
• MVVM adds data binding for reactive UIs
• Microservices enable independent deployment and scaling
• Choose patterns based on project size and complexity