Booleans

Booleans are the simplest data type in C++ — they can only be true or false. But do not let that simplicity fool you. Booleans are the foundation of decision-making in programming. Every if-statement, every loop condition, every logical check comes down to a boolean value.

Comparison Operators

You create boolean values using comparison operators:

• == — equal to
• != — not equal to
• > — greater than
• < — less than
• >= — greater than or equal to
• <= — less than or equal to

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
  int x = 10, y = 20;

  cout << "x == y: " << (x == y) << endl;
  cout << "x != y: " << (x != y) << endl;
  cout << "x > y: " << (x > y) << endl;
  cout << "x < y: " << (x < y) << endl;

  bool isAdult = true;
  bool isStudent = false;
  cout << "Adult: " << isAdult << " Student: " << isStudent;
  return 0;
}

When you print a boolean with cout, it shows 1 for true and 0 for false. That is just how C++ displays them. Internally, true is stored as 1 and false as 0. You can actually use them in math — but do not do that. It makes your code confusing.